While protection magic /could/ protect you from spell backfire, its better if you understand how spell backfire actually works. When a spell "back fires" this means that a spell's intended affect is reversed and rather than effecting the target it affects the caster. Such as mis casting a spell to bring in money instead makes you lose money. To prevent spell back fire a witch needs to be able to cast their spell successfuly and without interuption , a lose of focus during the casting can cause spell back fire as can many other things such as not properly releasing the energy during the energy-release phase of the spell casting process so the energy of the spell affects the area the caster is in, which then leads to a spell back fire, making a mistake in the process of the spell casting can also lead to spell backfire. To prevent this from happening you should have the proper knowledge and expierence on how to perform spells , this can help you to prevent spell back fire as their main source of re occurring is due to mis casting by an error of the spell caster. Now in terms of protection magic , protection magic can only protect you from that which you know how it would harm you, when protection magic is performed you shape the energy into a barrier around yourself, think of it like a forcefield. A common practice of witches is to use many different types of protection magic , this way in the unlikely event that one of your protection spells is compromised you still can maintain a margin of safety. Also if you feel the need to ask how to prevent spell backfire perhaps your new to practicing your magic, in which case don't feel like you need to jump right into spell casting , learn your basics, they will act as the foundation of your magical practice. Now I don't how what your level of experience is with your magic so I can't really recommend anything to you since I don't know your situation. But please let me know if you need any assistance with anything magical and I'll see if I can do anything for you.
Another thing to consider is that another name for 'spell backfire' is 'consequences of your actions'. Just as in physics, every action has a reaction and everything has to come from something.
Many 'careful what you wish for' stories are centered on this basic wisdom. For example the ever-classic "give me money" spell preceding a sudden death of a close family member. But the good news is you get their inheritance, right? *headpat*. - Nothing can come from a vacuum, and things tend to follow the path of least resistance. A wise person considers this before any working.
Just as what may come after, should you achieve what you intended. What then? What reactions may arise? Is what you want to accomplish -actually- harmless? Will someone end up seeking revenge. These are important things to consider.
I think it comes down to what you are trying to manipulate. Magic is simply working with energy to make the chances of something happening in your favor. You are manipulating the energy towards a goal. Depending on what the goal is, may involve if something goes awry. I don't think it means backfiring, but rather the energy shifts into a path you were not intendingcreating a negative experience or chaos. This generally is more predominant in spells that involve changing free will. If you are trying to manipulate free will, this will more than likely evolve into something you were not intending. It may seem successful but over time the energy will shift.
A good example of this is any type of love spell or getting someone to fall in love when they do not have those feelings to begin with. I have never seen a love spell or manipulation spell involving relationships end well. They always "backfire" and the target's energy turns towards hatred and resentment. It is why I do not recommend anyone to try and manipulate someone's feelings or free will. Learning to accept rejection or loss is a better spell to focus on rather than manipulation.
So you have to consider what it is you are trying to manipulate (energy) and does it interferewith free will. If not then the chances of energy backfiring or getting the opposite result you want are probably less likely to happen.
Your tradition probably has various remedies. I was taught to cleanse my aura after any workings involving "negative" acts. Then to perform protective rites using the runes. These may be more than one.Naturally you want to ward your workspace and your dwelling.A talisman ought to be worn or carried at all times. So, in a word, properly done protections should protect you. Still, be careful whom and what you direct spells against.A Kevlar vest works fine against a 9mm pistol. A 37mm cannon is another story.